What is an Elbow Dislocation?
Definition and Anatomy of the Elbow Joint
An elbow dislocation occurs when the bones in the elbow joint are forced out of their normal positions. The elbow joint is made up of three bones: the humerus (upper arm bone), the radius (one of the forearm bones), and the ulnar (the other forearm bone). These bones work together to allow flexion and extension of the arm.
Types of Elbow Dislocations
Elbow dislocations can be classified into three main types:
- Posterior Dislocation: The most common type, where the forearm is pushed backward.
- Anterior Dislocation: Less common, occurring when the forearm is pushed forward.
- Lateral Dislocation: Rarely, the elbow can dislocate sideways.
Causes of Elbow Dislocations
Mechanisms of Injury
Elbow dislocations often result from:
- Falls: Landing directly on an outstretched arm.
- Sports Injuries: Contact sports or activities involving sudden movements.
- Direct Blows: Impact to the elbow area during accidents.
Symptoms of an Elbow Dislocation
1. Immediate Pain and Swelling
One of the first signs of an elbow dislocation is intense pain, often accompanied by immediate swelling around the joint.
2. Deformity and Instability of the Elbow
Affected individuals may notice the elbow appears misshaped. The joint can feel unstable, making it hard to use the arm.
3. Limited Range of Motion and Functionality
People with an elbow dislocation may struggle to bend or straighten their arm. The ability to perform everyday tasks can be significantly hindered.
4. Numbness or Tingling in the Arm or Hand
In some cases, nerve damage from the dislocation can cause sensations like tingling or numbness in the hand or forearm.
Treatment of Elbow Dislocations
Non-surgical vs Surgical Treatment Options
- Non-surgical Treatments: These include immobilization with a splint and physical therapy.
- Surgical Treatments: If there are significant fractures or if the dislocation is recurrent, surgery may be necessary.
Rehabilitation and Recovery After Elbow Dislocation
1. Physical Therapy and Range of Motion Exercises
After initial treatment, physical therapy focuses on regaining strength and mobility. Exercises will help restore full joint function.
2. Importance of Immobilization and Splinting
During the recovery phase, keeping the elbow immobilized in a splint will help prevent re-injury and allows the ligaments to heal properly.
So now, you have already understood the basic knowledge of elbow dislocation. However, many underlying complications might need professionals such as physiotherapists to find out and solve them properly. Delaying proper care can lead to further complications, prolonged pain, and limited mobility which might affect your active daily living. As a physiotherapist, we can provide tailored advice, and improve your progress appropriately that ensures your elbow heals correctly and regains its full function.
Remember, quick action not only aids in the recovery process but also minimizes the risk of long-term damage, empowering you to return to your daily activities with confidence and ease. Don’t hesitate! Your health deserves immediate attention!
Prepared by:
Chow Pei Yun
Your Physio Johor Bahru